Raynaud Syndrome

Clinic

• Raynaud Syndrome / Phenomenon / Disease is a medical condition in which the spasm of small arteries causes episodes of reduced blood flow to end arterioles.
• Typically, the fingers, and less commonly, the toes, are involved.
• Rarely, the nose, ears, or lips are affected.
• Often, numbness or pain occurs. As blood flow returns, the area turns red and burns. The episodes typically last minutes but can last several hours.
• Episodes are typically triggered by cold or emotional stress
• In pregnancy, it normally disappears due to increased surface blood flow. But during breastfeeding it come back causing nipples to turn white and painful.

Sign / Symptoms

• Localized pain
• Paleness
• Sensations of Cold / Numbness.

Related disease

• Connective tissue disorders:
  • Scleroderma
  • SLE
  • RA (Rheumatoid arthritis)
  • Sjögren's syndrome
  • Dermatomyositis
  • Polymyositis
  • Mixed connective tissue disease
  • Cold agglutinin disease
  • Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
• Eating disorders:
  • Anorexia nervosa
• Obstructive disorders:
  • Atherosclerosis
  • Buerger's disease
  • Takayasu's arteritis
  • Subclavian aneurysms
  • Thoracic outlet syndrome

Others

• Hypothyroidism
• Chronic fatigue syndrome
• Reflex sympathetic dystrophy
• Carpal tunnel syndrome
• Multiple sclerosis
• Erythromelalgia (clinically presenting as the opposite of Raynaud's, with hot and warm extremities, often co-exists in patients with Raynaud's)
• Chilblains (also clinically presenting as the opposite of Raynaud's, with hot and itchy extremities, however it affects smaller areas than erythromelalgia, for instance the tip of a toe rather than the whole foot)

Related entities

Cryoglobulinemia

Miasms

Lyme disease (Under investigation)

COV-19 (Under investigation)

B19 (Under investigation)

ALPH (Under investigation)