Colitis

Clinic

• Colitis is swelling or inflammation of colon
• Colitis may be acute and self-limited or long-term
• It is an entity

Signs / Symptoms

• Mild to severe abdominal pains and tenderness
• Persistent hemorrhagic diarrhea
• Pus in stools
• Fecal incontinence
• Flatulence
• Fatigue, loss of appetite and unexplained weight loss
• Signs seen on colonoscopy: Colonic mucosal erythema, Ulcerations and Hemorrhage

Types

• Autoimmune: IBD: Ulcerative colitis (UC), Crohn's disease (CD): MTB, CMV, HSV-1
• Microscopic colitis
• Lymphocytic colitis
• Collagenous colitis

• Infectious colitis
  • Clostridioides difficile colitis = C-diff colitis
  • Enterohemorrhagic colitis may be caused by Shiga toxin in Shigella dysenteriae
  • Parasitic infections, like those caused by Entamoeba histolytica