PID, Pelvic inflammatory disease

Clinic

• Pelvic inflammatory disorder /disease is an infection of the upper part of the female reproductive system, namely the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries, and inside of the pelvis. Therefore PID is consist of these entities
  • Oophoritis
  • Salpingitis
  • Endometritis
  • Tubo-ovarian abscess
  • Pelvic peritonitis
  • Myometritis
  • Parametritis

Sign / Symptoms

• Often, there may be no symptoms.
• Signs and symptoms, when present, may include
  • Lower abdominal pain
  • Vaginal discharge
  • Fever
  • Burning with urination
  • Pain with sex
  • Bleeding after sex
  • Irregular menstruation.
  • Uterine / Adnexal tenderness

Complication

• Periappendicitis
• Perihepatitis
• Infertility
• Ectopic pregnancy
• Chronic pelvic pain
• Cancer
• Fitz-Hugh–Curtis syndrome: Occasionally, the infection can spread to the peritoneum causing inflammation and the formation of scar tissue on the external surface of the liver

Causes

• Bacterial infections: Neisseria gonorrhoeae or Chlamydia trachomatis 75 -90 %
• Others
  • Prevotella spp.
  • Streptococcus pyogenes
  • Prevotella bivia
  • Prevotella disiens
  • Bacteroides spp.
  • Peptostreptococcus asaccharolyticus
  • Peptostreptococcus anaerobius
  • Gardnerella vaginalis
  • Escherichia coli
  • Group B streptococcus
  • α-hemolytic streptococcus
  • Coagulase-negative staphylococcus
  • Atopobium vaginae
  • Acinetobacter spp.
  • Dialister spp.
  • Fusobacterium gonidiaformans
  • Gemella spp.
  • Leptotrichia spp.
  • Mogibacterium spp.
  • Porphyromonas spp.
  • Sphingomonas spp.
  • Veillonella spp.
  • Cutibacterium acnes
  • Mycoplasma genitalium
  • Mycoplasma hominis
  • Ureaplasma spp.
• Viral: MMP

Related entities

Oophoritis

Graph

Sep

Second class remedies

Sul-i: Profuse Leukorrhea