Central sensitization syndrome
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Clinic
- Central sensitization, in short, is a hypersensitivity to stimuli from things that are not typically painful.
- Central sensitization has been proposed as one of the key pathophysiological mechanisms of fibromyalgia.
Pathophysiology
Three possible mechanisms are
- Activation of peripheral pain receptor due to muscle pathology
- Regional ischemia due to autonomic dysfunction
- Small fiber neuropathy cause pain generation and maintenance in muscles.
Related with Spasm
- Central sensitization leads to increased excitation in the spinal cord and to referral of muscle pain. The motoneurones of a painful muscle are centrally inhibited.
- Muscular spasm is mostly secondary to a painful lesion in another muscle or joint.
- The pain of fibromyalgia is assumed to relate to a dysfunction of central nociceptive processing.
- Psychosocial factors also contribute to pain.