GABA A Encephalitis
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Clinic
- To report the clinical features, comorbidities, receptor subunit targets, and outcome in patients with anti-GABAA receptor (GABAAR) encephalitis.
- Clinical study of 26 patients, including 17 new (April 2013–January 2016) and 9 previously reported patients. Antibodies to α1, β3, and γ2 subunits of the GABAAR were determined using reported techniques.[1]
Sign / Symptoms
- Seizures (88%)
- Alteration of cognition (67%)
- Alteration in Behavior (46%)
- Alteration in Consciousness (42%)
- Abnormal movements (35%)
Related disease
Comorbidities were identified in 11 (42%) patients including
- 7 tumors (mostly thymomas)
- 2 Herpesvirus encephalitis (HSV-1, HHV-6; NMDAR antibodies)
- 2 myasthenia without thymoma
Brain MRI
Brain MRI was abnormal in 23 (88%) patients, showing in
- 20 (77%) multifocal, asynchronous,
- Cortical-subcortical T2/fluid-attenuated inversion recovery abnormalities predominantly involving temporal (95%) and frontal (65%) lobes, but also basal ganglia and other regions. Immunologic or tumor therapy resulted in substantial improvement in 18/21 (86%) assessable patients; the other 3 (14%) died (2 status epilepticus, 1 sepsis).
- ↑ Spatola M, Petit-Pedrol M, Simabukuro MM, Armangue T, Castro FJ, Barcelo Artigues MI, Julià Benique MR, Benson L, Gorman M, Felipe A, Caparó Oblitas RL, Rosenfeld MR, Graus F, Dalmau J. Investigations in GABAA receptor antibody-associated encephalitis. Neurology. 2017 Mar 14;88(11):1012-1020. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000003713. Epub 2017 Feb 15. PMID: 28202703; PMCID: PMC5384834.