Spasm

Spasm is an entity, characterized with sudden involuntary contraction of a muscle/ a group of muscles, or a hollow organ such as the heart.
It is most commonly accompanied by muscle cramp (Sudden burst of pain).
A muscle cramp is usually harmless and ceases after a few minutes. It is typically caused by ion imbalance or muscle overload.
Various kinds of involuntary muscle activity may be referred to as a "spasm".
Spasmism is a series of spasms or permanent spasms

It is a condition of chronic, excessive muscle tone (i.e., tension in a resting muscle).
This is the amount of contraction that remains when a muscle is not working. A true hypertonic spasm is caused by malfunctioning feedback nerves. This is much more serious and is permanent unless treated. In this case, the hypertonic muscle tone is excessive, and the muscles are unable to relax.

It is a subtype of spasm.
This is an episodic pain caused by spasm of smooth muscle in a particular organ (e.g., the bile duct).
A characteristic of colic is the sensation of having to move about, and the pain may induce nausea or vomiting.

Spasm is a peripheral entity, caused by abnormal nerve stimulation or by abnormal activity of the muscle itself, including

Reducing the central inhibition of the spinothalamic pathway on pain (Central sensitization)
Hyperactivity of nociceptive pain receptors
Referral pain caused by stimulation of adjacent muscles or spinal nerve roots

Spasticity: Spasticity is a entity which is It is characterized with excessive velocity-dependent muscle contraction
Dystonia: A spasmodic muscle contraction may be caused by many medical conditions, including dystonia.
Spasmodic torticollis = Cervical dystonia
Clonous

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