Ophthalmoplegia

Clinic

• It is also called extraocular muscle palsy
• It usually involves the
  • Third (oculomotor)
  • Fourth (trochlear)
  • Sixth (abducens)

• Double vision is the characteristic symptom in all three cases.
  • In oculomotor paralysis, the eye drifts outward and slightly downward and has difficulty turning inward and upward. In addition, ptosis is occurred. Also pupil may be enlarged
  • Trochlear paralysis involve superior oblique, causes a vertical deviation of the affected eye.
  • Abducens nerve paralysis affects lateral rectus, therefore the affected eye turns inward toward the nose and cannot fully turn outward.

Causes

• Congenital abnormalities, trauma, tumours
• MS
• Vascular disease such as that associated with diabetes
• Myasthenia gravis