Thrombocytopenia

Clinic

• It is a condition characterized by abnormally low levels of Platelets/ Thrombocytes, in the blood.
• It is the most common coagulation disorder
• Thrombocytopenia can be contrasted with the conditions associated with an abnormally high level of platelets in the blood - thrombocythemia (when the cause is unknown), and thrombocytosis (when the cause is known).

Signs / Symptoms

• Petechiae / Purpura

• External bleeding, such as nosebleeds or bleeding gums

Causes

Decreased production

Abnormally low platelet production may be caused by:

• Dehydration, vitamin B₁₂ or folic acid deficiency
• Leukemia, Myelodysplastic syndrome or aplastic anemia
• Liver failure
• Sepsis, systemic viral or bacterial infection
• Leptospirosis
• Hereditary syndromes

Increased destruction

• Immune thrombocytopenic purpura
• Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)
• Hemolytic–uremic syndrome
• Disseminated intravascular coagulation
• Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
• Antiphospholipid syndrome
• SLE
• Post-transfusion purpura
• Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia
• Hypersplenism
• DHF
• Gaucher's disease
• Zika virus

Other causes

• Medication-induced
• Snakebite
• Lyme disease
• Thrombocytapheresis (Plateletpheresis)
• Niemann–Pick disease

Miasms:

DHF