Autoimmune oophoritis

Clinic

• It is a rare autoimmune disease where the body's own immune system attacks the ovaries.
• This causes the ovaries to have inflammation, atrophy, and fibrosis.

Signs / symptoms

• Autoimmune oophoritis can present with a wide variety of symptoms. It begins with the main symptom, which is amenorrhea
• Other symptoms are related to ovarian cysts, and more common ones are also listed below. A variation of symptoms can occur together, however, that depends on the person and the severity of the disease.

• Primary amenorrhea
• Secondary amenorrhea
• Infertility
• Cramping
• Bloating
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Sex hormone deficiency
• Hot flushes
• Lower abdominal pain
• Fever
• Malaise
• Vaginal discharge
• Symptoms associated with other coexisting autoimmune conditions

Related disease

• SLE
• Pernicious anemia
• Myasthenia gravis
• APS-1 and APS II

Genetics

As Autoimmune oophoritis often occurs in the setting of autoimmune polyendocrine syndromes (APS), mutations in AIRE or HLA-DR3/4 can contribute to its pathology.

Mechanism/ Pathophysiology

There is no set mechanism specifically for autoimmune oophoritis, but it is known that microscopic examinations reveal a picture of inflammatory infiltrate. Selectively attacking the developing follicles and corpus luteum with sparing of the primordial follicles.