Hyper reflexia: Difference between revisions
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=== Definition === | |||
Hyper reflexia has two different uses | |||
* Deep tendon reflex increasing | * Deep tendon reflex increasing | ||
* General | * General decreasing of body excitation threshold | ||
=== [[Tendon reflexes|Tendon reflex]] or T-reflex === | === [[Tendon reflexes|Tendon reflex]] or T-reflex === | ||
| Line 15: | Line 14: | ||
=== Miasms === | === Miasms === | ||
[[WEE, Eastern & Western Equine Encephalitis|EEE]]/ [[WEE, Eastern & Western Equine Encephalitis|WEE]] | * [[CJD, Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease|CJD]] | ||
* [[WEE, Eastern & Western Equine Encephalitis|EEE]]/ [[WEE, Eastern & Western Equine Encephalitis|WEE]] | |||
[[FFI, Fatal Familial Insomnia|FFI]] | * [[FFI, Fatal Familial Insomnia|FFI]] | ||
* [[GSS, Gerstmann Straussler Scheinker syndrome|GSS]] | |||
[[GSS, Gerstmann Straussler Scheinker syndrome|GSS]] | * [[HIV, Human immunodeficiency virus|HIV]] | ||
* [[HTLV-1, Human T lymphotropic virus type 1|HTLV-1]] | |||
[[HIV, Human immunodeficiency virus|HIV]] | * [[JE, Japanese encephalitis|JE]] | ||
* [[NVCJD, New Variant Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease|NVCJD]] | |||
[[HTLV-1, Human T lymphotropic virus type 1|HTLV-1]] | |||
[[JE, Japanese encephalitis|JE]] | |||
[[NVCJD, New Variant Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease|NVCJD]] | |||
| Line 35: | Line 28: | ||
* Overactive bodily reflexes. | * Overactive bodily reflexes. | ||
* Examples include Twitching / Spastic tendencies, which indicate disease of the [[ | * Examples include Twitching / Spastic tendencies, which indicate disease of the [[Upper motor neuron, UMN|upper motor neurons]] and [[disinhibition]] (Lessening or loss of control ordinarily exerted by higher brain centers of lower neural pathways). | ||
=== Causes === | === Causes === | ||
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* Hyperthyroidism | * Hyperthyroidism | ||
* Electrolyte imbalance | * Electrolyte imbalance | ||
* Serotonin syndrome | * [[Serotonin syndrome]] | ||
* Severe brain trauma | * Severe brain trauma | ||
* Multiple sclerosis | * [[MS, Multiple Sclerosis|Multiple sclerosis]] | ||
* Reye syndrome | * [[Reye syndrome entities|Reye syndrome]] | ||
* Preeclampsia | * Preeclampsia | ||
Latest revision as of 22:39, 29 September 2023
Definition
Hyper reflexia has two different uses
- Deep tendon reflex increasing
- General decreasing of body excitation threshold
Tendon reflex or T-reflex
- The stretch reflex or muscle stretch reflex (MSR), when the stretch is created by a blow upon a muscle tendon. This is the commonly used definition of the term. Albeit a misnomer, in this sense a common example is the standard patellar reflex or knee-jerk response. Stretch reflex tests are used to determine the integrity of the spinal cord and peripheral nervous system, and they can be used to determine the presence of a neuromuscular disease.
- Note that the term "deep tendon reflex", if it refers to the muscle stretch reflex, is a misnomer. "Tendons have little to do with the response, other than being responsible for mechanically transmitting the sudden stretch from the reflex hammer to the muscle spindle. In addition, some muscles with stretch reflexes have no tendons (e.g., "jaw jerk" of the masseter muscle)".
- The Golgi tendon reflex, which is a reflex to extensive tension on a tendon; it functions to protect musculoskeletal integrity. The sensory receptors for this reflex are anatomically located deep in the tendon, while the sensory receptors for the MSR are inside the muscle. Therefore, the Golgi tendon reflex can be referred to as the deep tendon reflex.
Miasms
General hyper reflexia
- Overactive bodily reflexes.
- Examples include Twitching / Spastic tendencies, which indicate disease of the upper motor neurons and disinhibition (Lessening or loss of control ordinarily exerted by higher brain centers of lower neural pathways).
Causes
- Spinal-cord injury (Autonomic dysreflexia) is the most common cause
- Side effects of drugs and stimulants
- Hyperthyroidism
- Electrolyte imbalance
- Serotonin syndrome
- Severe brain trauma
- Multiple sclerosis
- Reye syndrome
- Preeclampsia