Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndrome

Types

• There are two distinct types APS-1 and APS-2
• APS also named PAS

APS-1

Clinic

• APS-1causes the dysfunction of multiple endocrine glands due to autoimmunity.
• It is an inherited in autosomal recessive fashion

Signs and symptoms

• Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis
• Hypoparathyroidism
• Addison's disease
• Ectodermal dystrophy (skin, dental enamel, and nails)

APS-1 may also cause:

• Autoimmune hepatitis
• Hypogonadism
• Vitiligo
• Alopecia
• Malabsorption
• Pernicious anemia
• Cataract
• Cerebellar ataxia

APS-2

Clinic

• APS-2 a form of autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome also known as PAS II
• It is the most common form of the polyglandular failure syndromes.
• PAS II is defined as the association between autoimmune Addison's disease and either autoimmune thyroid disease, type 1 diabetes, or both.
• It is heterogeneous and has not been linked to one gene.
• APS-II affects women to a greater degree than men.

Signs and symptoms

• Hashimoto thyroiditis: Nausea, Frequent urination, Palpitations, Weight loss, Anorexia
• Low blood pressure
• Hypoparathyroidism
• Myalgia
• Graves' disease
• Anaemia
• Hypogonadism
• Diabetes mellitus

Entities / Miasms

	EBV	MTB	MMP	B19	CXB	HCV	HSV	RBL
Hashimoto thyroiditis	++		+++	+	+	+++	+	+
Adrenal insufficiency							++
Diabetes Insulin dependent	+++		+++		+++			+++
Female, Infertility / Oophoritis		+++	+++
Anemia	+++	+++		+++	+++			+++