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}} === | |||
=== Clinic === | === Clinic === | ||
* | * Also known as acute confusional state''',''' is an organically caused decline from a previous baseline of mental function that develops over a short period of time, typically hours to days. | ||
*It may also involve other neurological deficits, such as | *It may also involve other neurological deficits, such as | ||
**Psychomotor disturbances (e.g. hyperactive, hypoactive, or mixed) | **Psychomotor disturbances (e.g. hyperactive, hypoactive, or mixed) | ||
**Impaired sleep-wake cycle | **Impaired sleep-wake cycle | ||
**Emotional disturbances | **Emotional disturbances | ||
**Perceptual disturbances (e.g. hallucinations and delusions), | **Perceptual disturbances (e.g. hallucinations and delusions), | ||
**Although these features are not required for diagnosis | **Although these features are not required for diagnosis | ||
* In common usage, delirium is often used to refer to drowsiness, disorientation, and hallucination. | * In common usage, delirium is often used to refer to drowsiness, disorientation, and [[hallucination]]. | ||
* In medical terminology, however, acute disturbance in | * In medical terminology, however, acute disturbance in Consciousness/ Attention and a number of different cognitive symptoms are the core features of delirium such as easy distraction, inability to maintain attentional focus, and varying levels of alertness. | ||
* Onset is acute (from hours to days), representing a change from baseline mentation with fluctuations throughout the day | * Onset is acute (from hours to days), representing a change from baseline mentation with fluctuations throughout the day | ||
* At least one additional cognitive disturbance (in memory, orientation, language, visuospatial ability, or perception) | * At least one additional cognitive disturbance (in memory, orientation, language, visuospatial ability, or perception) | ||
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=== Modality === | === Modality === | ||
! | ! | ||
=== Accompanied by | === Accompanied by === | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | | ||
* Cold | * Abortion: [[Coloc, Colocynthis|Coloc]] | ||
* Cold, catching; after: [[Op, Opium|Op]] | |||
* Dark, in: [[Calc-ars, Calcarea Arsenicosa|Calc-ar]], Calc, Carb-v, Cupr, Stram | * Dark, in: [[Calc-ars, Calcarea Arsenicosa|Calc-ar]], Calc, Carb-v, Cupr, Stram | ||
* Depletion | * Depletion, after: [[Chin, China Officinalis|Chin]] | ||
* [[Seizure|Epilepsy]] | * Disappointed Maniacal love, from : [[Phos, Phosphorus|Phos]] | ||
* [[Seizure|Epilepsy]] | * [[Seizure|Epilepsy]], after: Arg-met, plb | ||
* [[Encephalitis]] | * [[Seizure|Epilepsy]], during: hyos, op | ||
* [[Encephalitis]] with: Acon, Cocc, hell, Puls | |||
* Fatigue, overexertion, study | * Fatigue, overexertion, study, from: [[Lach, Lachesis Mutus|lach]] | ||
* Fear | * Fear with: Acon | ||
* Fruit | * Fruit, after sour: [[Podo, Podophyllinum|podo]] | ||
* [[Gangrene remedies|Gangrene]]; during: [[Ran-b, Ranunculus Bulbosus|ran-b]] | * [[Gangrene remedies|Gangrene]]; during: [[Ran-b, Ranunculus Bulbosus|ran-b]] | ||
* [[Bleeding, hemorrhagic remedies|Hemorrhage]] | * [[Bleeding, hemorrhagic remedies|Hemorrhage]], after:,arn, ars, chin, [[Chinin-ar, Chininum Arsenicosum|chinin-ar]], ign, lach, lyc, ph-ac, phos, sep, squil, sul, verat | ||
* [[ | * Headache, from: atro, aur-m, Aur | ||
* [[Trauma remedies|Injuries]] to head | * Hot weather: [[Hyos, Hyoscyamus Niger|hyos]] | ||
* [[Jealousy]], from: [[Hyos, Hyoscyamus Niger|HYOS]], [[Lach, Lachesis Mutus|LACH]] | |||
* [[Trauma remedies|Injuries]] to head: bell, [[Hyos, Hyoscyamus Niger|hyos]], op, stram, verat | |||
* [[Meningitis]] cerebrospinalis: Apis<sub>,</sub> Chr-ac, Hell, [[Naja, Naja tripudians|naja]]<sub>,</sub> [[Nat-s, Natrum Sulphuricum|Nat-s]], [[Sul , Sulphur|Sul]], verat-v, Verat, zinc | * [[Meningitis]] cerebrospinalis: Apis<sub>,</sub> Chr-ac, Hell, [[Naja, Naja tripudians|naja]]<sub>,</sub> [[Nat-s, Natrum Sulphuricum|Nat-s]], [[Sul , Sulphur|Sul]], verat-v, Verat, zinc | ||
* Menstrual difficulties, with: apis | * Menstrual difficulties, with: [[Apis, Apis mellifica|apis]] | ||
* Mental exertion, from: Lach | * Mental exertion, from: Lach | ||
* Lochia, during: [[Verat, Veratrum album|verat]] | * Lochia, during: [[Verat, Veratrum album|verat]] | ||
* Loss of fluids, from: Chin, Chr-ac, Hell, Lach, Nat-s, Sul, verat-v, Verat | * Loss of fluids, from: Chin, Chr-ac, Hell, Lach, Nat-s, Sul, verat-v, Verat | ||
* Music | * Music, from hearing: plb | ||
* | * Pains, from: acon, ars, aur., BELL, bry, calc, Cham, chin, dulc, HYOS, ig, Iod, kali-c, nat-m, nux-v, OP, Ph-ac, plat, samb, STRAM, sulph, VERAT | ||
* Pains - with the: acon, arg-met, arg-n, bov, dulc, tarent-c, Verat | * Pains - with the: acon, arg-met, arg-n, bov, dulc, tarent-c, Verat | ||
* Paroxysmal: Bell, con, Gels, hyos, naja, phos | * Paroxysmal: Bell, con, Gels, hyos, naja, phos, plb, sabad | ||
* Periodical: Bell, samb | * Periodical: Bell, samb | ||
* Sepsis, from: anthraci, Bapt, Bar-c, crot-h, dor, Lach, mur-ac, Pyrog, Rhus-t, sec, tarent-c, [[Ter, Terebinthinae Oleum|ter]], Verat-v, Verat, Vip | * Sepsis, from: anthraci, Bapt, Bar-c, crot-h, dor, Lach, mur-ac, Pyrog, Rhus-t, sec, tarent-c, [[Ter, Terebinthinae Oleum|ter]], Verat-v, Verat, Vip | ||
* Sleeplessness | * Sleeplessness, from: Lach | ||
* Vexation, from: bell, HYOS, plat | * Vexation, from: bell, HYOS, plat | ||
* | * Wandering pains, from: [[Arg-m, Argentum Metallicum|arg-met]], [[Cham, Chamomilla|cham]] | ||
| | | | ||
* Closing the eyes, on: [[Bapt, Baptisia Tinctoria|bapt]], Bell, Bry, calc, graph, Lach, led.<sub>k</sub> pyrog, stram.<sub>sne</sub> sulph | * Closing the eyes, on: [[Bapt, Baptisia Tinctoria|bapt]], Bell, Bry, calc, graph, Lach, led.<sub>k</sub> pyrog, stram.<sub>sne</sub> sulph | ||
* Convulsions | * Convulsions: | ||
* | ** After: absin, arg-mur, bell, kali-c, kali-chl, oena, sec | ||
* | ** Before: Kali-m, op, sul-h | ||
* Eating | ** During: acon, Aeth, amyg, ars, Bell, Camph, crot-h, cupr, Dig, dulc., hyos, Kali-ch, Kali-m, Mosch, op, plb | ||
* Heat | * Eating, amel: [[Anac, Anacardium Orientale|anac]], bell | ||
* Heat, gg.: bry, dulc, stram | |||
* Menses - before: ars, bell''',''' cocc, hyos, lyc, verat | * Menses - before: ars, bell''',''' cocc, hyos, lyc, verat | ||
* Menses | * Menses, during: acon, apis, bell, cocc, hyos, lyc, nux-m, puls, stram, verat | ||
* Sleep | * Perspiration, amel: aeth | ||
* | * Sleep | ||
** Going to sleep; on: Bell.<sub>k</sub> Bry.<sub>k</sub> cact.<sub>k</sub> calc.<sub>k</sub> camph.<sub>k</sub> caust.<sub>k</sub> Chin.<sub>k</sub> Gels.<sub>br1,k</sub> gins.<sub>k</sub> guaj.<sub>k</sub> ign.<sub>k</sub> merc.<sub>k</sub> ph-ac.<sub>k</sub> Phos.<sub>k</sub> rhus-t.<sub>k</sub> Spong.<sub>k</sub> Sulph | |||
* Sleep | ** After agg: Lach, petr | ||
* Sleep - during: | ** Sleep, after, amel: bell,Cact, calad | ||
** Sleep - during: APIS, BELL, BRY, ... | |||
| | | | ||
* Alternating with | * Abdomen colic, Alternating with: [[Plb, Plumbum Metallicum|plb]] | ||
* Alternating with | * Limbs, pain Alternating with: [[Plb, Plumbum Metallicum|plb]] | ||
* [[Flatulent remedies|Distension of abdomen]] and [[constipation]]; with: [[Acet-ac, Acetic Acidum|Acet-ac]] | * [[Flatulent remedies|Distension of abdomen]] and [[constipation]]; with: [[Acet-ac, Acetic Acidum|Acet-ac]] | ||
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* Coldness, with: lact, [[Verat, Veratrum album|Verat]] | * Coldness, with: lact, [[Verat, Veratrum album|Verat]] | ||
* [[Syncope|Collapse]], with: [[Colch, Colchicum Autumnale|colch]], [[Cupr, Cuprum metallicum|cupr]] | * [[Syncope|Collapse]], with: [[Colch, Colchicum Autumnale|colch]], [[Cupr, Cuprum metallicum|cupr]] | ||
* [[ | * [[Coma]] vigil; with: [[Cur, Curare|cur]], [[Hyos, Hyoscyamus Niger|Hyos]], Lach, [[Mur-ac, Muriaticum acidum|mur-ac]], [[Op, Opium|op]], [[Phos, Phosphorus|phos]] | ||
* Congestion, with: Apis, [[Aur-m, Aurum muriaticum|aur-m]], BELL, brom, hyos | * Congestion, with: Apis, [[Aur-m, Aurum muriaticum|aur-m]], BELL, brom, hyos, iod | ||
* Eyes; with brilliant: [[Ailanthus, Ailanthus Glandulosa|ail]] | * Eyes; with brilliant: [[Ailanthus, Ailanthus Glandulosa|ail]] | ||
* Face | * Face, distorted; with: Plb | ||
* Face | * Face, livid: Bell | ||
* Face | * Face, pale: Hyos | ||
* Face | * Face, red: Ail, Bapt, Bell, do, Gels, HYOS, op | ||
* Grinding | * Teeth Grinding, with: BELL | ||
* Headache | * Headache, during: acon.<sub>k</sub> agar.<sub>hr1,k</sub> ail.<sub>hr1,kr1</sub> arg-n.<sub>bg</sub> arn.<sub>bg</sub> ars.<sub>k</sub> Aur.<sub>hr1</sub> bell.<sub>bg</sub> calc.<sub>bg</sub> cham, cimic, Colch, coloc, crot-h, crot-t.<sub>bg</sub> glon.<sub>k</sub> kalm.<sub>bg</sub> mag-c.<sub>k</sub> Meli, mosch.<sub>k</sub> nat-m, Nux-v, sep, stram, arent.<sub>k</sub> verat | ||
* | * Envy, with: lyc | ||
* | * Fantastic: alum.<sub>j</sub> ambr.<sub>j</sub> Bell.<sub>a1,k</sub> calc.<sub>j</sub> carbn-s.<sub>k</sub> cham.<sub>k</sub> con.<sub>k</sub> dulc.<sub>k</sub> graph.<sub>k</sub> hyos.<sub>k</sub> lyc.<sub>j</sub> nat-m.<sub>j</sub> nux-m.<sub>j</sub> op.<sub>k</sub> plat.<sub>j</sub> rhod.<sub>j</sub> sep.<sub>k</sub> sil.<sub>k</sub> spong.<sub>k</sub> Stram.<sub>k</sub> Sulph MIND - DELIRIUM - fierce: agar.<sub>k</sub> Bapt.<sub>hr1,kr1</sub> bell.<sub>a1,h1,k</sub> hyos.<sub>k</sub> Stram | ||
* | * Hot head, with: Bell, bufo | ||
* | * Jerking, with: acon | ||
* Perspiration | * Jerking, with - angular: hyos | ||
* Jumping, with: acon.<sub>a1</sub> bell.<sub>a1</sub> lact.<sub>a1</sub> merc | |||
* Perspiration, with: acon.<sub>bg2</sub> ars.<sub>bg2</sub> aur.<sub>bg2</sub> BELL.<sub>bg2</sub> bry.<sub>bg2</sub> calc.<sub>bg2</sub> Cham.<sub>bg2</sub> chin.<sub>bg2</sub> cina<sub>bg2</sub> dulc.<sub>bg2</sub> gal-ac.<sub>br1</sub> granit-m.<sub>es1</sub> Hyos.<sub>bg2</sub> ign.<sub>bg2</sub> iod.<sub>bg2</sub> kali-c.<sub>bg2</sub> nat-m.<sub>bg2</sub> nux-v.<sub>bg2</sub> OP.<sub>bg2</sub> Ph-ac.<sub>bg2</sub> plat.<sub>bg2</sub> samb.<sub>bg2</sub> STRAM.<sub>bg2</sub> sulph.<sub>bg2</sub> Verat | |||
* Picking at nose or lips, with: Arum-t.<sub>hr1,k</sub> BRY.<sub>k</sub> camph.<sub>kr1</sub> Carb-v.<sub>k</sub> Chel.<sub>k</sub> chin.<sub>k</sub> chlf.<sub>kr1</sub> croc.<sub>k</sub> cupr.<sub>k</sub> HYOS.<sub>k</sub> hyosin.<sub>a1</sub> kali-p.<sub>kr1</sub> op.<sub>k</sub> past.<sub>a1</sub> Ph-ac.<sub>k</sub> phos.<sub>k</sub> plb.<sub>k</sub> rhus-t.<sub>k</sub> sec.<sub>k</sub> tab.<sub>k</sub> valer.<sub>k</sub> verat.<sub>k</sub> | * Picking at nose or lips, with: Arum-t.<sub>hr1,k</sub> BRY.<sub>k</sub> camph.<sub>kr1</sub> Carb-v.<sub>k</sub> Chel.<sub>k</sub> chin.<sub>k</sub> chlf.<sub>kr1</sub> croc.<sub>k</sub> cupr.<sub>k</sub> HYOS.<sub>k</sub> hyosin.<sub>a1</sub> kali-p.<sub>kr1</sub> op.<sub>k</sub> past.<sub>a1</sub> Ph-ac.<sub>k</sub> phos.<sub>k</sub> plb.<sub>k</sub> rhus-t.<sub>k</sub> sec.<sub>k</sub> tab.<sub>k</sub> valer.<sub>k</sub> verat.<sub>k</sub> | ||
* Pupils, with dilated: acon | * Pupils, with dilated: acon, Bell, Cimic | ||
* Perspiration - cold perspiration; with: [[Verat, Veratrum album|Verat]] | * Perspiration - cold perspiration; with: [[Verat, Veratrum album|Verat]] | ||
* Shrieking; with: Agar, crot-h, cupr, merc | |||
* Thirst, with: [[Camph, Camphora Officinale|camph]], [[Verat, Veratrum album|Verat]] | * Thirst, with: [[Camph, Camphora Officinale|camph]], [[Verat, Veratrum album|Verat]] | ||
* Tongue - brown discoloration: Phos | * Tongue - brown discoloration: Phos | ||
* Trembling, with: lact.<sub>br1</sub> [[Valer, Valeriana Officinalis|valer]] | * Trembling, with: lact.<sub>br1</sub> [[Valer, Valeriana Officinalis|valer]] | ||
* Twitching of muscles; with: hyos | * Twitching of muscles; with: hyos | ||
* | * Vertigo - with - violent: nux-m | ||
|} | |} | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
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| | | | ||
=== Anxious === | === Anxious === | ||
|- | |||
|Con, Bell, Stram, Hyos | |||
| | |||
# Hyos, Ph-ac, Verat | |||
# Agar, Puls, Stram | |||
| | |||
# BELL, STRAM. | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | | | ||
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* Arms - throws about: bell | * Arms - throws about: bell | ||
* Bed - creeps about in: Bell, stram | * Bed - creeps about in: Bell, stram | ||
* Busy: arum-t, bapt, bell, Bry, camph, chlol, Hyos, kali-cy | * Bed - escapes, jumps up suddenly from bed: ACON, BELL, NIT-AC,,, | ||
* Busy: arum-t, bapt, bell, Bry, camph, chlol, Hyos, kali-cy, rhus-t, Stram, sul | |||
* Dancing; with: cic | * Dancing; with: cic | ||
* Exaltation of strength, with: Agar.<sub>h2,k</sub> Aur, bell.<sub>mrr1</sub> hyos.<sub>k</sub> sec, stram.<sub>a1,k</sub> Tarent | * Exaltation of strength, with: Agar.<sub>h2,k</sub> Aur, bell.<sub>mrr1</sub> hyos.<sub>k</sub> sec, stram.<sub>a1,k</sub> Tarent | ||
* Alternating with | * Convulsions; tetanic, Alternating with: stram | ||
* Face - muscles constantly in play: Stram | * Face - muscles constantly in play: Stram | ||
* Home, wants to go: bell.<sub>a1</sub> BRY, Cupr-act | |||
* Home, wants to go: bell.<sub>a1</sub> BRY | |||
* Moving - constantly from place to place; moving: Oena | * Moving - constantly from place to place; moving: Oena | ||
* Running | * Restless: HYOS, ... | ||
* Rocking to and fro: bell, hyos | |||
* Rolling on floor: calc, Op | |||
* Running: bell, con | |||
| | | | ||
* Apathetic: ph-ac, verat | * Apathetic: ph-ac, verat | ||
* Apoplectic: hyos, lach | * Apoplectic: hyos, lach | ||
* Answering | * Answering, slowly: arn, bapt.<sub>bro1</sub> diph.<sub>bro1</sub> Hell.<sub>bro1</sub> hyos, Ph-ac, phos, sulph | ||
* Alternating with | * Deep sleep Alternating with: [[Acet-ac, Acetic Acidum|acet-ac]], atro, bell, cocc, Coloc, Lach, phos, plb, vip | ||
* Exhaustion, with: agar, ail, am-c, Bapt, hyos, lyc | * Exhaustion, with: agar, ail, am-c, Bapt, hyos, lyc | ||
* | * Intoxicated, as if: Agar, agath-a.<sub>nl2</sub> am-c.<sub>sf1.de</sub> carb-an.<sub>a1</sub> chinin-s.<sub>kr1</sub> cori-r.<sub>a1</sub> vip | ||
* Look fixed on one point: Acon.<sub>kr1</sub> art-v.<sub>k</sub> bell.<sub>j</sub> bov.<sub>k</sub> camph.<sub>k</sub> cann-s.<sub>j</sub> canth.<sub>k</sub> cham.<sub>j</sub> Cic.<sub>j</sub> cupr.<sub>k</sub> dor.<sub>sf1.de</sub> guaj.<sub>j</sub> hell.<sub>j</sub> Ign.<sub>k,ptk1</sub> kreos.<sub>j</sub> mez.<sub>j</sub> nat-c.<sub>j</sub> ran-b.<sub>k</sub> stram | * Look fixed on one point: Acon.<sub>kr1</sub> art-v.<sub>k</sub> bell.<sub>j</sub> bov.<sub>k</sub> camph.<sub>k</sub> cann-s.<sub>j</sub> canth.<sub>k</sub> cham.<sub>j</sub> Cic.<sub>j</sub> cupr.<sub>k</sub> dor.<sub>sf1.de</sub> guaj.<sub>j</sub> hell.<sub>j</sub> Ign.<sub>k,ptk1</sub> kreos.<sub>j</sub> mez.<sub>j</sub> nat-c.<sub>j</sub> ran-b.<sub>k</sub> stram | ||
* Look fixed on one point - wrinkled face; with: stram | * Look fixed on one point - wrinkled face; with: stram | ||
* Mild: Apis<sub>kr1</sub> BAPT.<sub>kr1</sub> Ph-ac.<sub>kr1</sub> Puls.<sub>kr1</sub> pyrog.<sub>jl2</sub> rhus-t, sec.<sub>j5.de</sub> STRAM.<sub>kr1</sub> Valer, Vario.<sub>kr1</sub> verat | * Mild: Apis<sub>kr1</sub> BAPT.<sub>kr1</sub> Ph-ac.<sub>kr1</sub> Puls.<sub>kr1</sub> pyrog.<sub>jl2</sub> rhus-t, sec.<sub>j5.de</sub> STRAM.<sub>kr1</sub> Valer, Vario.<sub>kr1</sub> verat | ||
* | * Muttering - slowly: ph-ac | ||
* Nonsense, with eyes open: anac.<sub>k</sub> ars.<sub>k</sub> bapt.<sub>k</sub> Canth.<sub>k</sub> cham.<sub>k</sub> coll.<sub>k</sub> coloc.<sub>k</sub> crot-h.<sub>k</sub> Hyos.<sub>k</sub> op.<sub>k</sub> Stram.<sub>hr1,k</sub> tarent.<sub>k</sub> VERAT | * Nonsense, with eyes open: anac.<sub>k</sub> ars.<sub>k</sub> bapt.<sub>k</sub> Canth.<sub>k</sub> cham.<sub>k</sub> coll.<sub>k</sub> coloc.<sub>k</sub> crot-h.<sub>k</sub> Hyos.<sub>k</sub> op.<sub>k</sub> Stram.<sub>hr1,k</sub> tarent.<sub>k</sub> VERAT | ||
* Quiet: BRY, HYOS | |||
* Sadness, Alternating with: plb, tub | |||
* Sad: acon.<sub>bg2,br1</sub> bell, puls | * Sad: acon.<sub>bg2,br1</sub> bell, puls | ||
* Silent: agar.<sub>a1,k</sub> sec | |||
* Sleep, Alternating with : acet-ac.<sub>k</sub> atro.<sub>hr1</sub> bell.<sub>a1</sub> cocc.<sub>a1,k</sub> Coloc.<sub>hr1,k</sub> Lach.<sub>hr1</sub> plb, vip | |||
* Sleep, comatose Alternating with: bry, plb, Phos, plb, stram | |||
* Sleep - during - comatose: acon, ant-c, arn.<sub>j5.de</sub> bry, camph.<sub>j5.de</sub> coloc.<sub>j5.de</sub> puls.<sub>j5.de</sub> sec | * Sleep - during - comatose: acon, ant-c, arn.<sub>j5.de</sub> bry, camph.<sub>j5.de</sub> coloc.<sub>j5.de</sub> puls.<sub>j5.de</sub> sec | ||
* Sleepiness, with: | * Sleepiness, with: PULS, ... | ||
* Sorrowful: acon.<sub>k</sub> agar.<sub>a1</sub> bell.<sub>k</sub> dulc.<sub>k</sub> lyc.<sub>k</sub> puls | * Sorrowful: acon.<sub>k</sub> agar.<sub>a1</sub> bell.<sub>k</sub> dulc.<sub>k</sub> lyc.<sub>k</sub> puls | ||
* | * Sopor, with: kali-c, Op, Verat | ||
* Unconsciousness, Alternating with: Atro, cann-i.<sub>a1</sub> Coloc.<sub>hr1</sub> | |||
| | | | ||
* Anxious - fever; during: acon, bell, croc, Hyos.<sub>bg2</sub> nux-v.<sub>bg2</sub> Op | * Anxious - fever; during: acon, bell, croc, Hyos.<sub>bg2</sub> nux-v.<sub>bg2</sub> Op, puls, sil, Stram | ||
* Anxious - future; about the: bry.<sub>tl1</sub> verat | * Anxious - future; about the: bry.<sub>tl1</sub> verat | ||
* Alternating with - sleeplessness: Tub | * Alternating with - sleeplessness: Tub | ||
* Alternating with - excitement: agar | * Alternating with - excitement: agar | ||
* Anxious: | * Anxious: | ||
* Anxious - business; bry | * Anxious - business; bry | ||
* Business, talks of: | * Business, talks of: Bry, HYOS, Rhus-t | ||
* Crying, with: Acon.<sub>kr1</sub> agar-pr.<sub>a1</sub> agar.<sub>sf1.de</sub> apis<sub>sf1.de</sub> atro.<sub>a1</sub> bell.<sub>k</sub> Canth.<sub>kr1</sub> Caust.<sub>k</sub> Chinin-s.<sub>kr1</sub> Cina<sub>k</sub> crot-h.<sub>kr1</sub> Cupr-act.<sub>kr1</sub> dat-m.<sub>a1</sub> ferr-p.<sub>sf1.de</sub> merc.<sub>sf1.de</sub> phos.<sub>a1</sub> stram | * Crying, with: Acon.<sub>kr1</sub> agar-pr.<sub>a1</sub> agar.<sub>sf1.de</sub> apis<sub>sf1.de</sub> atro.<sub>a1</sub> bell.<sub>k</sub> Canth.<sub>kr1</sub> Caust.<sub>k</sub> Chinin-s.<sub>kr1</sub> Cina<sub>k</sub> crot-h.<sub>kr1</sub> Cupr-act.<sub>kr1</sub> dat-m.<sub>a1</sub> ferr-p.<sub>sf1.de</sub> merc.<sub>sf1.de</sub> phos.<sub>a1</sub> stram | ||
* Crying, with - help, for: camph.<sub>ptk1</sub> Canth.<sub>k</sub> ign.<sub>ptk1</sub> plat.<sub>ptk1</sub> stram | * Crying, with - help, for: camph.<sub>ptk1</sub> Canth.<sub>k</sub> ign.<sub>ptk1</sub> plat.<sub>ptk1</sub> stram | ||
* Death, talks about: Acon | * Death, talks about: Acon | ||
* Devils, sees: op | * Devils, sees: op | ||
* Frightful: | * Frightful: BELL, STRAM. | ||
* Fire, talks of: Calc.<sub>k</sub> cupr | * Fire, talks of: Calc.<sub>k</sub> cupr | ||
* Persecution in delirium; delusions of: ars.<sub>gl1.fr</sub> calc.<sub>gl1.fr</sub> hyos.<sub>gl1.fr</sub> lach.<sub>gl1.fr</sub> merc.<sub>gl1.fr</sub> nat-m.<sub>gl1.fr</sub> rhus-t.<sub>gl1.fr</sub> stram.<sub>gl1.fr</sub> verat | * Persecution in delirium; delusions of: ars.<sub>gl1.fr</sub> calc.<sub>gl1.fr</sub> hyos.<sub>gl1.fr</sub> lach.<sub>gl1.fr</sub> merc.<sub>gl1.fr</sub> nat-m.<sub>gl1.fr</sub> rhus-t.<sub>gl1.fr</sub> stram.<sub>gl1.fr</sub> verat | ||
* Terror, expressive of: bell | * Terror, expressive of: bell | ||
* Sleeplessness - with: acon | * Sleeplessness - with: | ||
Alternating with - consciousness: acon, bell.<sub>a1</sub> Phos | |||
*Aroused, on being: dat-f.<sub>a1</sub> hep.<sub>k</sub> phos.<sub>k</sub> sec | |||
* Aroused, on being - answer questions; could be aroused to: Hyper | |||
|} | |} | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" |
Latest revision as of 02:43, 1 December 2023
Clinic
- Also known as acute confusional state, is an organically caused decline from a previous baseline of mental function that develops over a short period of time, typically hours to days.
- It may also involve other neurological deficits, such as
- Psychomotor disturbances (e.g. hyperactive, hypoactive, or mixed)
- Impaired sleep-wake cycle
- Emotional disturbances
- Perceptual disturbances (e.g. hallucinations and delusions),
- Although these features are not required for diagnosis
- In common usage, delirium is often used to refer to drowsiness, disorientation, and hallucination.
- In medical terminology, however, acute disturbance in Consciousness/ Attention and a number of different cognitive symptoms are the core features of delirium such as easy distraction, inability to maintain attentional focus, and varying levels of alertness.
- Onset is acute (from hours to days), representing a change from baseline mentation with fluctuations throughout the day
- At least one additional cognitive disturbance (in memory, orientation, language, visuospatial ability, or perception)
Signs and symptoms
Delirium exists as a stage of consciousness somewhere in the spectrum between normal awakeness/alertness and coma. While requiring an acute disturbance in consciousness/attention and cognition, delirium is a syndrome encompassing an array of neuropsychiatric symptoms.
The range of clinical features include:
- Poor attention/vigilance (100%)
- Memory impairment (64–100%)
- Clouding of consciousness (45–100%)
- Disorientation (43–100%)
- Acute onset (93%)
- Disorganized thinking/thought disorder (59–95%)
- Diffuse cognitive impairment (77%)
- Language disorder (41–93%)
- Sleep disturbance (25–96%)
- Mood lability (43–63%)
- Psychomotor changes (e.g. hyperactive, hypoactive, mixed) (38–55%)
- Delusions (18–68%)
- Perceptual change/hallucinations (17–55%)
Related entities
- Inattention: As a required symptom to diagnose delirium, this is characterized by distractibility and an inability to shift and/or sustain attention.
- Memory impairment: Memory impairment is linked to inattention, especially reduced formation of new long-term memory where higher degrees of attention is more necessary than for short-term memory. Since older memories are retained without need of concentration, previously formed long-term memories (i.e. those formed before the onset of delirium) are usually preserved in all but the most severe cases of delirium.
- Disorientation: As another symptom of confusion, and usually a more severe one, this describes the loss of awareness of the surroundings, environment and context in which the person exists. One may be disoriented to time, place, or self.
- Disorganized thinking: Disorganized thinking is usually noticed with speech that makes limited sense with apparent irrelevancies, and can involve poverty of speech, loose associations, perseveration, tangentiality, and other signs of a formal thought disorder.
- Language disturbances: Anomic aphasia, paraphasia, impaired comprehension, agraphia, and word-finding difficulties all involve impairment of linguistic information processing.
- Sleep changes: Sleep disturbances in delirium reflect disturbed circadian rhythm regulation, typically involving fragmented sleep or even sleep-wake cycle reversal (i.e. active at night, sleeping during the day) and often preceding the onset of a delirium episode
- Psychotic symptoms: Symptoms of psychosis include suspiciousness, overvalued ideation and frank delusions. Delusions are typically poorly formed and less stereotyped than in schizophrenia or Alzheimer's disease. They usually relate to persecutory themes of impending danger or threat in the immediate environment (e.g. being poisoned by nurses).
- Mood lability: Distortions to perceived or communicated emotional states as well as fluctuating emotional states can manifest in a delirious person (e.g. rapid changes between terror, sadness and joking).
- Motor activity changes: Delirium has been commonly classified into psychomotor subtypes of hypoactive, hyperactive, and mixed, though studies are inconsistent as to the prevalence of these subtypes. Hypoactive cases are prone to non-detection or misdiagnosis as depression. A range of studies suggest that motor subtypes differ regarding underlying pathophysiology, treatment needs, and prognosis for function and mortality though inconsistent subtype definitions and poorer detection of hypoactive subtypes impacts interpretation of these findings. Liptzin and Levkoff first described these subtypes in 1992 as following:
- Hyperactive symptoms include hyper-vigilance, restlessness, fast or loud speech, irritability, combativeness, impatience, swearing, singing, laughing, uncooperativeness, euphoria, anger, wandering, easy startling, fast motor responses, distractibility, tangentiality, nightmares, and persistent thoughts (hyperactive sub-typing is defined with at least three of the above).
- Hypoactive symptoms include unawareness, decreased alertness, sparse or slow speech, lethargy, slowed movements, staring, and apathy (hypoactive sub-typing is defined with at least four of the above).
Remedies
Bell
Med
Stram
Cupr
Repertory
Etiology |
Modality |
Accompanied by |
---|---|---|
|
|
|
Restless |
Apathetic, Slow, Sad |
Anxious |
Con, Bell, Stram, Hyos |
|
|
|
|
|
Angry |
Maniacal |
Foolish |
---|---|---|
|
|
|
=== Loquacious === |
Confused |
Reproaching |
---|---|---|
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|
MIND - DELIRIUM - gay, cheerful
acon.bg2,k agar.k agath-a.nl2 ant-t.kr1 aur.k Bell.k,bg2 cact.k cann-s.k con.k hyos.k lact.k op.k,bg2 Stram.k sulph.k,bg2 verat.k,bg2
MIND - DELIRIUM - gay, cheerful - alternating with - sadness: agar.k
MIND - DELIRIUM - gay, cheerful - alternating with - singing: stram.k
MIND - DELIRIUM - groping as if in dark: plbMIND - DELIRIUM - shy, hides himself: STRAM
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